An essential element in building highly available networks is the implementation of a First-Hop Redundancy Protocol (FHRP). FHRPs, such as the Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP), Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), and Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) can prevent loss of connectivity by providing redundant default gateway functionality in a way that is transparent to end hosts. Performance issues can adversely affect a business as employees may not be able to service their customers correctly. But does the network cause the problem or does the client, a server, or the application cause the problem? It is important to establish realistic network performance expectations and to be able to determine if switches are not performing as expected. It is also important to identify and possibly resolve the cause of the observed difference between the expected performance and actual performance. This course reviews the operation of the common FHRPs and how to use Cisco IOS commands to diagnose and resolve problems that might occur while using these protocols. Using Cisco IOS commands to diagnose physical and data link layer problems on switch ports, to analyze TCAM utilization on switches, to determine the underlying cause of TCAM allocation failures, and to determine the underlying cause of high CPU usage on a switch are also covered.

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